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Military Memorabilia
THE SCARLET AND BLUE MARCH LASKI, Henri London, Paxton & Co 1900
This march is based on a popular song written by Lindsay Lennox in honour of Lord Kitchener.
Horatio Herbert Kitchener was born June 24, 1850 , near Listowel, County Kerry, Ireland, and died June 5, 1916, at sea off Orkney Islands
He is best remembered as a British field marshal, imperial administrator, conqueror of the Sudan, commander in chief during the South African War. As secretary of state for war at the beginning of World War I, he was responsible for building up an extensive Brisish army. His famous recruiting poster became a national symbol
Educated at the Royal Military Academy, Woolwich, Kitchener served in the Middle East from 1874. In 1886 he was appointed Governor of the British Red Sea territories and subsequently was assigned to Egypt as adjutant general in Cairo. His energy and thoroughness led to his appointment as Sirdar (commander in chief) of the Egyptian army in 1892. On Sept. 2, 1898, he crushed the religious and politically separatist Sudanese forces of al-Mahdi in the Battle of Omdurman and then occupied the nearby city of Khartoum, which he rebuilt as the centre of Anglo-Egyptian government in the Sudan. His reputation in Great Britain was enhanced by his firm, tactful, and successful handling (from Sept. 18, 1898) of an explosive situation at Fashoda (now Kodok), where Jean-Baptiste Marchand's expeditionary force was trying to establish French sovereignty over parts of the Sudan. He was created Baron Kitchener in 1898.
After a year as governor-general of the Sudan, Kitchener entered the Boer War in December 1899 as chief of staff to Field Marshal Sir Frederick Sleigh Roberts, whom he succeeded as commander in chief in November 1900
On returning to England after the British victory in the war, he was created Viscount Kitchener (July 1902) and was sent as commander in chief to India where he stayed until 1909, Kitchener was bitterly disappointed at not being appointed viceroy. In September 1911 he accepted the proconsulship of Egypt, and until August 1914 he ruled that country and the Sudan. Protection of the peasants from seizure of their land for debt and the advancement of the cotton-growing interest were his basic concerns. Tolerating no opposition, he was about to depose the hostile Khedive Abbas II (Abbas Hilmi) of Egypt when World War I broke out.
Kitchener, who was on leave in England, reluctantly accepted an appointment to the cabinet as secretary of state for war and was promoted to field marshal. Quickly enlisting a great number of volunteers, he had them trained as professional soldiers for a succession of entirely new "Kitchener armies." By the end of 1915 he was convinced of the need for military conscription, but he never publicly advocated it, in deference to Prime Minister Herbert H. Asquith's belief that conscription was not yet politically practicable.
In his recruitment of soldiers, planning of strategy, and mobilization of industry, Kitchener was handicapped by British governmental processes and by his own distaste for teamwork and delegation of responsibility. His cabinet associates, who did not share in the public idolatry of Kitchener, relieved him of responsibility first for industrial mobilization and later for strategy, but he refused to quit the cabinet. His career was ended suddenly, by drowning, when the cruiser HMS Hampshire, bearing him on a mission to Russia, was sunk by a German mine.
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